We did not know there were other people besides the Indian until about one hundred winters ago, when some men with white faces came to our country.

We gave up some of our country to the white men, thinking that then we could have peace. We were mistaken. The white man would not let us alone.

The white men told lies for each other. They drove off a great many of our cattle. Some branded our young cattle so they could claim them.

The first white men of your people who came to our country were named Lewis and Clark. They brought many things that our people had never seen. They talked straight. These men were very kind.

I would give up everything rather than have the blood of white men upon the hands of my people.

Some of you think an Indian is like a wild animal. This is a great mistake.