The engineered bladders were grown from the patients' own cells, so there is no risk of rejection.

It is rewarding when you can see the improved quality of life in these patients.

This is one small step in our ability to go forward in replacing damaged tissues and organs.

Sometimes the cost of not risking rejection and failure from others is securing rejection and failure from yourself.

I think we should follow a simple rule: if we can take the worst, take the risk.

You have to look at a question of risk evaluation. The risk of taking vaccination is extremely small. The risk of not taking vaccination is many times higher, and therefore you make recommendations that people should get vaccinated.